中国政府义务教育支出：问题和进一步的改革

本文从理论方面探讨了政府在义务教育融资及生产中的责任，并结合中国政府义务教育支出的现状和问题，提出了进一步改革的原则、具体建议及相关改革措施。     

The influence of consumer socialisation in the home on gender differences in financial literacy

The lower level of financial literacy amongst females relative to males has been well documented in the literature. There has however been a less than compelling argument constructed as to why this discrepancy occurs. This article introduces findings showing the influence the home, particularly financial discussions in the home, has on the financial literacy levels of children and young adults. A key finding is that males have their first financial discussion in the home at a younger age than females on average, with this differential statistically significant across students of differing socioeconomic status. For males, the age of the child when they have their first financial discussion in the home influences their financial literacy levels some years later at university, even accounting for other variables such as socioeconomic status. The findings of this article suggest that financial socialisation in the home may be subject to a gender bias, which over time contributes to differential financial literacy knowledge levels between the genders.     

三螺旋理论的协同创新机制的研究:中国高校科技园案例

三螺旋模型是解释协同创新的实用理论,它阐述大学、产业、政府三个单位在创新体系内所扮演的角色.本研究以文献分析的方式,探讨高等教育在此模式内的互动角色,同时由中国的三个高校科技园区个案访谈、归纳来分析高等教育在此模式内的角色演进.这三个科学园区分别是北京航空航天大学科技园、苏州西安交通大学科技园、上海某大学科技园,分别位处中国三个重要的城市,以及三个不同的管理体系,因此研究成果具有代表性,也能说明新兴中国家应用三螺旋模型的成果.     

Facets of narcissism and leadership: A tale of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde?

Research on narcissism continues to develop at a rapid pace. Yet, researchers from different disciplines are still divided over whether narcissists are good versus bad leaders. On the one hand, narcissists' bright qualities (e.g., charisma) are associated with positive outcomes at different levels of analysis from subordinates, to peers, and the organization as a whole. On the other hand, however, narcissists' dark qualities (e.g., entitlement) are associated with a number of counterproductive work behaviors, causing organizations to falter. The present article adds to and extends the traditional good-versus-bad debate about narcissistic leadership and pursues three goals: (a) to critically review the literature on narcissistic leaders and their behaviors in the workplace, (b) to provide tangible recommendations for how to best assess, select, and develop narcissistic leaders, and (c) to highlight future directions and ongoing challenges ahead in the field of narcissistic leadership.     

On the peer effects of star students

We estimate the effect that star students have on their siblings’ learning outcomes, measured by their high school grade point average (GPA) and their math grades. To this end, we couple administrative school data on grades with an unusual natural experiment in Peru that generates exogenous variation in the presence of star students at home. We find that star students increase their siblings’ GPA by 0.33 SDs and their math grades by 0.22 SDs. The effect size is inversely related to number of siblings, suggesting that the remaining siblings act as substitutes for the star student.     

Policy Determinants of School Outcomes under Model Uncertainty: Evidence from South Africa

In this paper, we assess the determinants of secondary school outcomes in South Africa. We use Bayesian model averaging techniques to account for uncertainty in the set of underlying factors that are chosen among a very large pool of explanatory variables in order to identify the subset of explanatory variables most strongly associated with the dependent variable. Our analysis indicates that the socio‐economic background of pupils, demographic characteristics such as population groups (Black and White), as well as geographical locations account for a significant variation in pupils’ achievement levels. We also find that the most robust policy determinants of pupils’ test scores are the availability of a library at school, the use of IT in the classroom as well as school climate.     

Discretionary effort of regional hospitality small business employees: Impact of non-monetary work factors

This research examines the impact of non-monetary work environment factors on employee discretionary effort within the hospitality sector in the South West Region of Western Australia. Limited qualitative research has previously examined the factors that drive employee discretionary effort especially in the regional hospitality sector. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 hospitality employees using purposive sampling. While the findings are preliminary, they do highlight important aspects of discretionary effort within a regional context. Critically, two previously un-identified factors, employees’ professional identity and perception of the hospitality sector have been found to have important implications for employees’ discretionary effort and need to be further explored. Additionally, the findings support the direct influence of organisational culture, job design, interpersonal relationships, on discretionary effort. Finally, the research confirms that a paternalistic leadership approach has a significant influence on hospitality employees’ discretionary effort. Theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are outlined.     

Neutralizing environmental uncertainties: the evolution of leadership in the South Korean TV station,KBS

ABSTRACT

Leadership studies on public TV companies are few and far between due to their peculiar status as a monopoly in the market. TV leadership has been deemed less important than the government that regulates it or the corporate advertisers who buy its air time. Using the theory of environmental threats and leadership evolution, this study analyses the personal data of CEOs at the Korea Broadcasting System (KBS), which is owned and controlled by the state from its conception in 1961. This contribution finds that different types of CEOs were favoured for each evolutionary stage with dissimilar environmental threats. Over the years, CEOs at KBS have become much more professionalized and were selected from inside rather than from the government. However, CEOs continue to pursue their political, rather than professional, roles to neutralize its external threats. It continues to be genuine that the most critical environmental threat for KBS is the state itself. The continuous political nature of KBS leadership makes it very difficult for the organization to be free from internal and external crises, including general strikes by employees and the sweeping layoff of key decision-makers in the firm by the government. It is expected that new CEOs at KBS should play professional roles for their long-term survival.     

绿色新创企业NPD组织环境对变革型领导与绿色产品创新的中介关系研究

为了探索实施绿色创业战略时变革型领导在利用式绿色产品创新和探索式绿色产品创新中的作用，将新产品开发（NPD）组织环境作为变革型领导与绿色产品创新间的中介变量，将NPD组织环境划分为兼容性与重要性和资源综效，构建了变革型领导-新产品开发组织环境-绿色产品创新的连锁关系模型，并以国内4个城市218家企业为样本进行实证分析。研究发现：变革型领导可以通过对新产品开发组织环境的掌控间接控制利用式绿色产品创新和探索式绿色产品创新两类创新，当组织需要开发探索式绿色产品时，变革型领导可以通过加强和突显新产品开发组织环境的兼容性与重要性，促进探索式绿色产品创新；当组织需要开发利用式绿色产品时，变革型领导可以通过加强和突显新产品开发组织环境的资源综效，促进利用式绿色产品创新。     

北京高职院校推进社区教育发展模式研究--以创建通州社区学院为例

推进社区教育和终身学习是新时期高职院校的三大职能之一，社区学院则是开展社区教育和终身学习的主要载体，北京职业教育发展的新阶段下高职院校探索创建社区学院将成为新常态。依托国家级示范校北京财贸职业学院创建通州社区学院的“首都-财贸”模式理论上可行、实践上可操作，将为首都职业教育的发展注入新活力，并丰富和完善通州北京城市副中心的教育版图和布局。